In a large mixing bowl, combine the warm water and sugar. Sprinkle the active dry yeast over the top and let it sit for 5 to 10 minutes until the mixture becomes foamy.
Add the bread flour, kosher salt, and olive oil to the yeast mixture. Stir until a rough dough forms, then transfer it to a lightly floured surface.
Knead the dough for 8 to 10 minutes until smooth, elastic, and slightly tacky. Place it in a lightly oiled bowl, cover, and let it rise for 1 to 1½ hours or until doubled in size.
Punch down the risen dough and shape it into a smooth round loaf. Place it on parchment paper while the Dutch oven preheats.
About 30 minutes before baking, preheat the cast-iron Dutch oven over a campfire with hot coals or inside a 450°F oven.
Carefully place the dough into the hot Dutch oven using the parchment paper. Cover with the lid and bake for 30 minutes.
Remove the lid and continue baking for 15 to 20 minutes, or until the loaf is deep golden brown and the internal temperature reaches 200–205°F.
Transfer the bread to a wire rack and cool for 20 to 30 minutes before slicing. Serve warm with butter, honey, or your favorite toppings.